Species Guide

Garter Snake Species Pages

Each page has some basic data about the species, including length, range, legal status, diet, and availability to (and suitability for) the pet trade. In many cases this information is incomplete, and could use some filling in.

Identification

Identifying a snake’s species is one of the most frequently asked questions about garter snakes, and I hope to have some pertinent information here eventually, including photos, range maps, and maybe even an identification key. But we’re a long way from that right now.

What can you do in the meantime? There’s an identification key in The Garter Snakes by Rossman, Ford and Seigel, but it’s difficult to use: it’s deliberately precise rather than easy.

One thing you can do is reduce the number of candidates. Many people think they have found a snake species that’s impossible — for example, they think they’ve found Butler’s Garter Snakes on the West Coast (when they’ve probably found Northwestern Garters). This is usually because they try to find a photo online that best matches what they’ve seen. Unfortunately, some snakes are extremely variable, and others are hard to tell apart.

So what you can do is check your province or state to see what species are found there. The species descriptions should list which subspecies are in that area — and subspecies information should be improved in the future. Then start searching the web for photos and use the species names as your search terms.

Canada: Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Northwest Territories, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, Saskatchewan.

United States: Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming.

Other Natricines

If you’re interested in garter snakes, you might also be interested in other snakes from the same subfamily (or family, depending on which taxonomist you trust), such as brown, red-bellied, queen and water snakes. Here’s a list of North American natricine snakes that I’ve put together. I might add more on natricines later on, depending on how things go.